Trial outcomes reflect both the effectiveness of the intervention at altering behaviour as well as the relationship between the behaviour and risk of subsequent illness. 2. Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. Most of these practices are done on a daily basis, because of the tendency of our bodies to get unclean easily. Moderate-frequency handwashing was associated with significantly reduced risk of contracting coronavirus compared to low handwashing, (adjusted IRR= 0.64, 95% CI: 0.42, 0.99, p=0.046). Approved with reservations - A number of small changes, sometimes more significant revisions are required to address specific details and improve the papers academic merit. This study aimed to assess the relationship between hand hygiene and the risk of contracting seasonal coronavirus infection in an English community cohort. Effective hand hygiene is one of the most important measures for protecting nursing home residents from nosocomial infections. Practicing good personal hygiene is important for helping keep the body healthy and clean. If you still need help with your Facebook account password, please click here. Need for study Although extensive research has been conducted to investigate the hand hygiene knowledge, beliefs, and practices of health care providers (WHO, 2009a) and daycare centers 9.8 times per observation). Clinical trials of hand hygiene interventions for acute respiratory viral infections in community settings have focused on influenza and yielded mixed results. As such, observational studies assessing the effect of handwashing on risk of illness are warranted. Both longer duration of handwashing and the context of handwashing (e.g. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to upgrade your browser. Personal hygiene refers to practices that keep our bodies and our immediate environment clean. Statement of purpose. Personal hygiene practices can help you and the people around you prevent illnesses. SCOPE OF THE STUDY . cohort study of households with children under two years at enrollment. RESEARCH QUESTIONS 1. All models included random effects to account for clustering at the household and individual level (across seasons). Evidence shows that 10 to 20% of food-borne diseases outbreaks are because of contamination by food handlers in restaurants, butcher shops, markets, etc. This paper will research on the standards of nurses hand hygiene in a Chicago hospital. All data were collected as part of Flu Watch, a national household-level prospective cohort study investigating transmission, burden and risk factors associated with influenza and other acute respiratory infections across England. Swabs were placed in a vial of viral transport medium and posted to the Health Protection Agency (HPA) in the same manner as national surveillance samples25,26. The protocol was approved by the Oxford Multi-Centre Research Ethics Committee (06/Q1604/103). cently become an area of increased research activity. This research is expected to cover selected primary school in OredoLocal Government Area of Edo State. The findings suggest that there are seven sanitation and hygiene concerns that women experience: Toileting, water, poverty, problems caused by poor sanitation, communicable diseases, insecurity and gender inequality. Examining asymptomatic cases was not feasible as samples were only taken from symptomatic cases. Research Units; Relevant Research; Datasets; Press / Media about Research; Search by expertise, name or affiliation. User comments must be in English, comprehensible and relevant to the article under discussion. Hand hygiene measures are recommended by health authorities and public health experts worldwide to interrupt these transmission mechanisms by preventing viral transfer via contact with infected people and surfaces5–9. Institution-based cross-sectio… However, the food safety practice and associated factors among mothers who are the food handlers at their homes are not well studied and understood. This report is timely and relevant in developing insight into hand hygiene practices, and benefits, in community settings with relevance to the SARS-CoV2 (COVID-19) pandemic. The expanding global outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) demands an evidence-based public health response. The diagram shows how the planning team works together with representative communities in a process known as formative research. Participants were randomly selected from patient lists at general practices, and letters were sent inviting their entire household to participate in the study. Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. after shaking hands or before eating) have been associated with lower overall risk of influenza or influenza-like-illness15,18. coronavirus, hand washing, respiratory hygiene, pandemic, COVID-19, respiratory infection. Alongside their report, reviewers assign a status to the article: I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard, however I have significant reservations, as outlined above. Households were recruited annually ahead of the influenza season and those who had previously participated were re-invited to the next season in winter 2008–2009. Hygiene Promotion is a planned approach to preventing diarrhoeal diseases through the widespread adoption of safe hygiene practices. favour or employment) as a result of your submission. As COVID-19 appears to demonstrate similar transmission mechanisms to circulating seasonal coronavirus strains1–4, understanding the effects of widely-recommended hand hygiene practices may beneficially inform public health campaigns. You hold, or are currently applying for, any patents or significant stocks/shares relating to the subject matter of the paper you are commenting on. They can now be found at the top of the panel on the right, linked from the box entitled Open Peer Review. When it comes to our bodies, they should be bathed at least … HygRisk.csv dta (hand hygiene data; CSV format). Exclusion criteria were living in a >6-person household, terminal or severe illness or incapacity, and substantial involvement in other ongoing research. All commenters must hold a formal affiliation as per our Policies. Not prospective, the study utilises existing data generated with respect to seasonal influenza in 2006-2009. Hand washing is minimally disruptive and socially acceptable in a variety of community settings and has an important role in raising awareness and slowing transmission alongside measures such as physical and social distancing10,11. Eligibility criteria were that the full household agreed to follow-up across the whole season and that adults (≥16 years) agreed to have blood samples drawn for other Flu Watch research23. Demographic data and self-reported hand hygiene were collected at baseline of each season. Participants’ daily frequency of handwashing was tested as an exposure variable for personal risk of developing PCR-confirmed coronavirus in a season. The handwashing frequency item was only measured at baseline and was estimated from the previous 24-hour period so may not reflect usual behaviour for all participants, or behaviour at time of exposure. You expect to receive, or in the past 4 years have received, shared grant support or other funding with any of the authors. Table 2 reports the results of models estimating the relationship between frequency of handwashing and participants’ risk of coronavirus infection. Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19) continues to spread globally. The outcome of interest was whether participants contracted any PCR-confirmed coronavirus infection in a season. GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT» Do you need help? The Wellcome Open Research website uses cookies. The first one takes place when hands are dirty or greasy. Covariates. If you don't receive this email, please check your spam filters and/or contact . Good personal hygiene habits include: washing the body often. This article is included in the Coronavirus (COVID-19) collection. Are all the source data underlying the results available to ensure full reproducibility? Both the quality and quantity of research on hand hygiene have increased tremendously over the past two decades (Pires et al., 2017), guiding our better understanding of the topic and pushing all of us to actions. registration no: h87/13215/2009 a research thesis submitted in fulfilment of the … It is also possible that there is residual confounding. One of the ways of doing this is promoting hygienic practices like hand hygiene. The mean hygiene score of 32 food preparation areas was 7.3 out of 10. Is the study design appropriate and is the work technically sound? 25, no. The history of dental hygiene research is considered in the context of the development of the discipline and an emerging infrastructure. 2. Seasons corresponded to the period when coronavirus was estimated to be circulating – defined as the period (in weeks) between the first and last PCR-confirmed case. https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15796.1, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license, https://doi.org/10.21956/wellcomeopenres.17322.r38956, https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/articles/5-98/v1#referee-response-38956, https://doi.org/10.21956/wellcomeopenres.17322.r38788, https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/articles/5-98/v1#referee-response-38788. Infections with multi-resistant bacteria’s, associated with healthcare, is a known problem. Limited observational evidence of varying quality has linked increased handwashing with lower risk of influenza and influenza-like illness15–19, while others have found no relationship20–22. While hand hygiene recommendations are acceptable in a variety of community settings worldwide10,11 and are widely recommended by health authorities5–9, evaluation of their effects on the risk of illness in the general population is limited. Food safety practice is an important Public Health issue to prevent or control food-borne illnesses. Reviewer Report For: Hand Hygiene Practices and the Risk of Human Coronavirus Infections in a UK Community Cohort [version 1; peer review: 1 approved, 1 approved with reservations]. Are sufficient details of methods and analysis provided to allow replication by others? Proper knowledge and practices of personal hygiene plays critical role in avoiding communicable diseases and benefit the primary school children to … For higher intensity handwashing there was no significant effect (adjusted IRR = 0.83, 95% CI (0.53, 1.30) p=0.42. You can also read all the peer review reports by downloading the PDF. You are an Editor for the journal in which the article is published. food safety and hygiene practices: a comparative study of selected technical and vocational education and training and university hospitality schools in kenya monica a. wandolo (m.sc.) Knowledge and Practices of Food Safety among Senior Secondary School, Knowledge and Practices of Food safety among Senior secondary school students of Ambassadors College, DETERMINANTS OF PERSONAL HYGIENE AND HEALTH CARE OF WOMEN IN IFE/IJESA SENATORIAL DISTRICT OF OSUN STATE, Knowledge and Perceptions of Asthma in a Nigerian High School, Hygiene related practices amongst school children living in a slum of Pune. You registered with F1000 via Facebook, so we cannot reset your password. Please try again, Email address not valid, please try again, [version 1; peer review: 1 approved, 1 approved with reservations], UCL Public Health Data Science Research Group, Institute of Health Informatics, UCL, London, NW1 2DA, UK, UCL Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, UCL, London, WC1E 7HB, UK, UCL Institute of Global Health, UCL, London, WC1E 7HB, UK, Public Health England, London, EC4Y 8AE, UK, NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Respiratory Infections, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK, Or P. Reviewer Report For: Hand Hygiene Practices and the Risk of Human Coronavirus Infections in a UK Community Cohort [version 1; peer review: 1 approved, 1 approved with reservations], Dunne CP. The generalisability of the findings to other coronavirus infections, notably COVID-19, also depends on similarity of epidemiological features. Table 1 reports demographic characteristics and hand hygiene behaviour for the cohort participants included in this study. The study did not demonstrate a clear dose-response relationship for the protective effect of hand hygiene. These topics signify important information about dental hygiene, dental hygienists, and dental public health. Seasonal human coronavirus strains and COVID-19 appear to be transmitted via droplets, direct and indirect contact with infected secretions and, to an unknown extent by aerosol1–4. Binary indicators (age: child <16 years vs adult ≥ 16 years; healthcare worker status: yes vs no) were created collapsing age and profession categories from the baseline survey. The strongest personal protective effect was seen in the moderate-level hand hygiene group, with a non-significant protective effect in the highest-frequency hand hygiene group. A full article citation will be automatically included. Several studies show that personal hygiene practices include: seeing a doctor, seeing a dentist, regularly washing (bathing or showering) of the body, regular hand washing, brushing and flossing of teeth, basic manicure and pedicure, feminine hygiene and healthy eating (Ali et al, 2013; Bastos, 2010). You expect to receive, or in the past 4 years have received, any of the following from any commercial organisation that may gain financially from your submission: a salary, fees, funding, reimbursements. If you've forgotten your password, please enter your email address below and we'll send you instructions on how to reset your password. The findings are likely to be generalisable to similar high-income countries and probably also to low- and middle-income countries. Access to clean water, basic toilets, and good hygiene practices not only keeps children thriving, but also gives them a healthier start in life. Is the work clearly and accurately presented and does it cite the current literature? Despite Flu Watch being the one of the largest cohort studies of respiratory infection, the relatively small number of coronavirus diagnoses limited power and ability to control for confounding. Consider the following examples, but note that this is not an exhaustive list: Sign up for content alerts and receive a weekly or monthly email with all newly published articles. Given the indication of similar transmission mechanisms for COVID-19, corresponding protective effects of handwashing are highly plausible. Exposure definitions. When criticisms of the article are based on unpublished data, the data should be made available. Given that COVID-19 appears to demonstrate similar transmission mechanisms to seasonal coronaviruses1–4, these findings indicate that public health campaigns to increase uptake of regular hand hygiene in community settings are warranted during the current pandemic. We have sent an email to , please follow the instructions to reset your password. While, A 2020, ' Hand and other hygiene practices ', British journal of community nursing, vol. Further analyses related to clinical details of coronavirus cases and household transmission events are currently in preparation by the Flu Watch group. It begins with, and is built on what local people know, do and want. The University of Southern California Department of Gerontology notes that hygiene problems can arise in later stages of Alzheimer's disease, with apathy, fearfulness, depression, inability to plan or remember and inability to perform tasks in sequence all reducing the person's ability to practice good hygiene 4. These samples were requested for all respiratory illnesses during follow up, although in the first winter (2006/7) swabbing was restricted to periods when influenza was known to be circulating. The mean hygiene score of 51 classrooms was 7.7 out of 8. The context of handwashing and compliance with recommended handwashing procedures are likely also important. Data consisted of hygiene and hand washing practices, knowledge about sanitation, personal hygiene characteristics, and presence of gastrointestinal parasitic infection. If applicable, is the statistical analysis and its interpretation appropriate: Within the past 4 years, you have held joint grants, published or collaborated with any of the authors of the selected paper. Factors regulating the lack of hand hygiene compliance are numerous. By continuing to browse the site, you are agreeing to our use of cookies. 2 HEALTHCARE WORKERS’ ATTITUDES TOWARD HAND HYGIENE PRACTICES According to Canadian nursing research article “Healthcare workers’ attitudes toward hand hygiene practices: Results of a multicentre qualitative study in Quebec” (2019), hospital personnel does not strictly follow hand hygiene (HH) guidelines as they should be which puts patients at risk of nosocomial infections. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the knowledge and practice of basic personal hygiene among school children in Egor Local Government Area of Edo State and to examine the relationship between poor hygiene practice and communicable diseases. Conversely, healthcare workers may be more likely to engage in high-frequency handwashing but also experience more frequent and intense exposure to respiratory viruses, including coronaviruses. You have a close personal relationship (e.g. Participants. Reviewer Expertise: Translational research, microbiology, infectious disease, outbreaks, management, characterisation. Many people equate hygiene with 'cleanliness,' but hygiene is a broad term. Oral hygiene is the practice of keeping the mouth and teeth clean to prevent dental problems, most commonly, dental cavities, gingivitis, periodontal (gum) diseases and bad breath.There are also oral pathologic conditions in which good oral hygiene is required for … Cyber hygiene is a business problem, not an IT problem, and no two organizations will implement it the same way.