Other factors were increased trade among African communities and with European and Arab traders on the coasts, technological developments in economic activity, and new techniques in the political-spiritual ritualisation of royalty as the source of national strength and health. Email. Die wichtigsten Thesen Tempels’ könnte man folgend zusammenfassen: Das bereits erwähnte Wort ntu ist Schlüsselwort ihrer Ontologie. An estimated 2,500–3,000 years ago (1000 BC to 500 BC), speakers of the Proto-Bantu language began a series of migrations eastward and southward, carrying agriculture with them. The above area has a high concentration of E1b1a and is classed as sub saharan. In the pro… About 3500 years ago, an event began that changed the demographic, linguistic, and cultural makeup of the African continent forever. The Trekboers were settling in new areas of southern Africa, moving northeast from the Cape Colony, and they came into contact with the Xhosa, the Southern Nguni. 18 (4): 526. doi:10.1017/s0021853700015693. Journal of African Archaeology. College of History, Geography and Tourism,Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, 611130, China . Nachbarn der ersten europäischen Siedler waren San und Khoi Khoi. Linguistic, archeological and genetic evidence indicates that during the course of the Bantu expansion, "independent waves of migration of western African and East African Bantu-speakers into southern Africa occurred. The numbers shown correspond to the dates of alliron artifacts associated with the Bantu expansion.Sub-Saharan Africa is a geographical term used to describe the area of the African continent which lies south of the Sahara, or those African countries which are fully or partially located south of the Sahara.It contrasts with North Africa, which is considered a part … Before the expansion of Bantu-speaking farmers, Central, Southern, and Southeast Africa were populated by Pygmy foragers, Khoisan-speaking hunter-gatherers, Nilo-Saharan-speaking herders, and Cushitic-speaking pastoralists. Archaeological evidence from the separate works of Jean Hurault (1979, 1986 & 1988) and Rigobert Tueche (2000) in the region reveals that this region has been inhabited by the same culture for 5 millennia, from 3000 B.C to date. in the Kalahari. They were probably due to denser population, which led to more specialised divisions of labour, including military power, while making outmigration more difficult. Bantu Migration Movement in sub-Saharan Africa, as in whatever is left of the world, has dependably been a crucial component in the verifiable procedures of social, political and monetary change. Origins of the Bantu People . What I have learnt is that the sub saharan DNA is reflective of the Bantus first migration from West Africa Nigeria and Cameroon. READ: Networks and Exchange in the Islamic … The Urewe culture dominated the Great Lakes region between 550BCE to 650BCE. Jahrtausend v. Chr. Sub-saharan Africa By: Rishika Katamneni, Priya Mekala, McKenna Hunt, and Nayana Menon Quick Overview of Chapter 18 . Bantu bedeutet in vielen Bantusprachen Menschen. Basically, Africa is comprised of language families, four major ones with myriad sub-groupings. The term… [5], The expansion is believed to have taken place in at least two waves, between about 3,000 and 2,000 years ago (approximately 1,000 BC to AD 1). Die Bantusprachen bilden eine Untergruppe der Niger-Kongo-Sprachen. Die Sub-Distrikte wiederum fanden in Distrikten Zusammenschluss, an dessen Spitze nun der Häuptling stand. It is thought that Central African Pygmies and Bantus branched out from a common ancestral population c. 70,000 years ago. Diese Seite wurde zuletzt am 20. 6. Available from: Thornton, John (1977). Außerdem glaubten die Bantu an die Dualität von Körper und Geist und nahmen an, dass sich die Seele beim Tod vom Körper trenne. The main key points of chapter 18 include the Bantu Migrations, the Islamic Kingdoms, and African society and cultural development. B. Angola) noch äußerst lückenhaft. Daran fühlen sich auch viele Bantu mit ansonsten moderner Lebensweise gebunden. Die Bantusprachen bilden eine Untergruppe der Niger-Kongo-Sprachen. The expansion reached South Africa, probably as early as AD 300.[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Wo es Häuptlingen oder Häuptlingsdynastien gelang, Macht über mehrere Volksgruppen zu gewinnen, wird von Reichen gesprochen. In 1816, Shaka acceded to the Zulu throne. Diese These hat im Wesentlichen heute noch Gültigkeit. During the thousands of years of Bantu migration, a variety of crops, livestock, agricultural technologies (especially iron farming tools) spread in sub-Saharan Africa, greatly promoting the development of agriculture in sub … The Bantu expansion was a major series of migrations of the original Proto-Bantu-speaking group, which spread from an original nucleus around West-Central Africa across much of sub-Saharan Africa. DOI: 10.2307/220701. The expansion of Bantu languages, which started around 5,000 years before present in west/central Africa and spread all throughout sub-Saharan Africa, may represent one of the major and most rapid demographic movements in the history of the human species. So war eine klare Hierarchie gegeben. Geführt wurden die Volksgruppen von einem Häuptling, der je nach Gruppe über unterschiedlich große Machtbefugnisse verfügte. Bantu ist der Sammelbegriff für über 400 verschiedene Ethnien Süd- und Mittelafrikas, die Bantusprachen sprechen. Seine Nordgrenze war etwa diejenige der nördlichen Baumsavanne, seine Südgrenze die des sommerfeuchten Gebietes. Ntu bedeute demnach „Sein, das Seiende“ und auch „Ich bin immer“. Bantu languages, a group of some 500 languages belonging to the Bantoid subgroup of the Benue-Congo branch of the Niger-Congo language family. Grenzen gestalteten sich vielmehr natürlich in Form von Flüssen oder Bergen, die jedoch keineswegs fest waren. Jahrhundert): Die Bantu waren nicht territorialbezogen wie moderne Europäer, sondern vielmehr gruppenbezogen. The overall number of languages varies from 440 to 680 different languages, depending on the definition “language or dialect” There … The Bantu …show more content… They traded handcrafted pottery and stone axes in compensation for meat, honey, etc. Für die anderen hingegen ist Gott das erste und ursprüngliche Kraftwesen. _____ _____ The Bantu: ~Adapted from wyomingcityschools.com The Nok were a people originally from West Africa Around 500 B.C. Die magischen Vorstellungen konnten zu Verhaltensstörungen wie zum Beispiel Ufufuyane führen, ein kulturgebundenes Syndrom, das bei den Bantu, den Zulu und anderen verwandten Völkern vorkommt. Sub-Saharan Africa is, geographically, the area of the continent of Africa that lies south of the Sahara Desert.Politically, it consists of all African countries that are fully or partially located south of the Sahara (excluding Sudan, even though Sudan sits in the Eastern portion of the Sahara desert). Je nach Totemzugehörigkeit wurden und werden weitere Tabus beachtet. The Bantu found in the sub Saharan regions of Africa as a result of what historians have called the Bantu expansion. Hierbei handelte es sich um unabhängige Gruppen von einigen hundert bis einigen tausend Menschen. Etwa 1000 Jahre später setzte wahrscheinlich eine zweite, schnellere Phase der Expansion ein, weiter nach Süden und Osten. Überall, wo sie hinzogen, vermischten sie sich mit den bisher dort lebenden Gruppen und bildeten neue Gesellschaften. [33] Other pioneering groups had reached modern KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa by AD 300 along the coast, and the modern Limpopo Province (formerly Northern Transvaal) by AD 500. Anfang des 19. South Africa and the Democratic Republic of the Congo in particular are considered Megadiverse countries.It has a dry winter season and a wet summer season. Während im Kongogebiet die matrilineare Abstammungsregel (und oft auch das Prinzip der Matrilokalität) bei vielen Stämmen verbreitet ist, gilt bei den südlichen, vor allem bei den viehzüchtenden Bantuvölkern wie den Zulu die patrilineare Abstammungsfolge.[9]. EFFECTS OF EARLY AFRICAN MIGRATIONS-Bantu speaking peoples settle south of equator by 1000 CE-Consequences: - ... social, ultural, and religious development of saharan and sub saharan africa after 8th century-It got there by:-Trans saharan caravans (camels/camel saddle:tech) -Costl east africa through maritime trade ( indian ocean sea lanes) TRANS-SAHARAN TRADE AND … Durch den Zustrom weiterer Siedler, deren Nachfahren heute als Afrikaaner (auch Buren) bezeichnet werden, breitete sich die Kapkolonie langsam aus, und die Khoi Khoi gerieten zunehmend in ein Abhängigkeitsverhältnis zu den Buren. In sum, Bantu is the prevalent language family in Central, Eastern, and Southern Africa. Die Herrscher trugen dann auch klangvolle Titel. [33] Such processes of state-formation occurred with increasing frequency from the 16th century onward. READ: The Caliphate . The numbers shown correspond to the dates of alliron artifacts associated with the Bantu expansion.Sub-Saharan Africa is a geographical term used to describe the area of the African continent which lies south of the Sahara, or those African countries which are fully or partially located south of the Sahara.It contrasts with North Africa, which is considered a part of the … Much of this vocabulary is botanical, deals with honey collecting, or is otherwise specialised for the forest and is shared between western Batwa groups. Das politische Gewicht des Stammesrates hing von der Stärke des jeweiligen Häuptlings ab. The Bantu Migration: A Journey through Sub-Saharan Africa E. Napp Objective: To describe the impact of the Bantu migration on Sub-Saharan Africa Do Now: Define migration and state two reasons why people migrate. C. One parallel between the importation of bananas to Africa and the spread of rice cultivation in east Asia was that both resulted in A)increased trade with other countries B) a higher death rate from the intro to new … They generally lack case inflection, but grammatical gender is characteristic, with some languages having two dozen genders (noun classes). bis 800 n. Paul Lane , Ceri Ashley & Gilbert Oteyo (2006) New Dates for Kansyore and Urewe Wares from Northern Nyanza, Kenya, AZANIA: Journal of the British Institute in Eastern Africa, 41:1, 123-138, DOI: 10.1080/00672700609480438. Archaeological, linguistic, genetic, and environmental evidence all support the conclusion that the Bantu expansion was a significant human migration. BCE) Thales, Pythagoras, … From the 1st to 19th centuries AD, Bantu migrated in subSaharan - Africa on three routes: west, East and south and formed three, agricultural economic types. Er hatte die komplette Autorität über die Familie. In trockenen Gebieten galt er als Regenmacher, in feuchteren eher als Sonnengott. Februar 2021 um 22:50 Uhr bearbeitet. The Bantu languages are spoken in a very large area, including most of Africa from southern Cameroon eastward to … Chap Kusimba and Randal Pouwells. Das Puzzle archäologischer Grabungsorte hat sich verdichtet und die Techniken der physikalischen Datierung wurden verbessert. During a wave of expansion of people in Sub-Saharan Africa that began 4,000 to 5,000 years ago, Bantu-speaking populations – estimated today as reaching some 310 million people – ‘gradually’ left their original homeland of West-Central Africa and travelled eastwards and southwards in the continent. Various scholars, … They began this migration when people from other African … "Complex iron smelting and prehistoric culture in Tanzania". These communities also integrated and intermarried with the communities already present at the coast. By Madison Moulton. For example, one study found this to be the case in Bantu language speakers who are African Pygmies or are in Mozambique,[25] while another population genetic study found this to be the case in the Bantu language speaking Lemba of Zimbabwe. The root of the verb tends to remain unchanged, with either particles or auxiliary verbs expressing tenses and moods. Herding practices reached the far south several centuries before Bantu-speaking migrants did. Die Bantu unterteilten sich in verschiedene Volksgruppen oder Häuptlingstümer. [4], Als erste früheisenzeitliche Kultur der Bantu gilt die Urewe-Kultur in der fruchtbaren Hügelregion westlich und südwestlich des Viktoriasees bis zum Tanganjikasee (ca. of Sub-Saharan Africa • Many other societies besides Bantu migrate • Spread of agriculture to most of sub-Saharan Africa by 1000 B.C.E. D) Islamic faith . The great southward Bantu migration in Africa took place in sub-Saharan Africa (south of the Sahara Desert), over some 2,000 years. Im Sprachgebrauch der Weißen Südafrikas wird Bantu häufig als Bezeichnung für alle Subsahara-Afrikaner verwendet. A few still live by foraging often supplemented by working for neighbouring farmers in the arid regions around the Kalahari desert, while a larger number of Nama continue their traditional subsistence by raising livestock in Namibia and adjacent South Africa. [19], In addition, Khoisan-speaking hunter-gatherers also inhabited Southeast Africa before the Bantu expansion. mühsam aus den Geschichten von Teilgruppen und vor allem aus archäologischen Funden rekonstruiert werden. Seit 1835 verließen viele Buren die Kapkolonie, zogen als Voortrekker nach Nordosten und gründeten dort neue Republiken. Stephan C. Schuster, Webb Miller, Aakrosh Ratan, Lynn P. Tomsho, Belinda Giardine: M. C. Van Grunderbeek, E. Roche, H. Doutrelepont: Eisenzeitliche Viehzucht im südlichen Afrika und ihre Ausbreitung, Botswana History Pages, by Neil Parsons – 1: A Brief History of Botswana, https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bantu&oldid=209046430, „Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike“. Der Artikel Bantusprachen enthält Informationen über die Struktur und Grammatik der Bantusprachen, ihre Forschungsgesc… Irgendwann im 2. Karim S. Kweneng - A Newly Discovered Pre-Colonial Capital Near Johannesburg. „Kraft“ und „Sein“ sind in diesem Begriff untrennbar miteinander verbunden. Solange genügend Land für alle vorhanden war, hatten sie tatsächlich nur sehr vage Vorstellungen von Grenzen. Another stream of migration, moving east by 3,000 years ago (1000 BC), was creating a major new population center near the Great Lakes of East Africa, where a rich environment supported a dense population. Bei einigen Stämmen wurde das Amt an den ältesten Bruder des verstorbenen Häuptling, und nach dessen Tod wiederum an dessen ältesten Bruder vererbt. Themselves in general don't like to be seen as similar to other sub-saharan africans and they even have their own ethnonymes for other … Jahrhundert): Am Victoriasee (etwa 18.–20. war – möglicherweise eigenständig – zwischen dem Tschadsee und den großen Seen Ostafrikas die Eisengewinnung entwickelt worden. Shane Doyle. So despite we know that a language needs to have a standard variety, be written, have more speakers, have some form of official status and not be intelligible to speakers of other languages, such characteristic is just partly true in sub-Saharan Africa. Finally, they moved southwards to occupy Southern Africa regions which led to the displacement of indigenous communities of Khoisan people. Today, the Bantu-speaking peoples are found in many sub-Saharan countries such as Congo, Rwanda, Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda, Zimbabwe, Angola, South Africa, Malawi, Zambia, and Burundi among other countries in the Great Lakes region. Vermutlich etwa gleichzeitig verbreiteten sich unter ihnen weitere wichtige Kulturtechniken wie der Anbau von Getreide und Bananen sowie die Viehzucht. Linguists, classifying the languages and creating a genealogical table of relationships, believed they could reconstruct material culture elements. u.). Linguistic analysis suggests that the expansion proceeded in two directions: the first went across or along the Northern border of the Congo forest region (towards East Africa),[6] and the second – and possibly others – went south along the African coast into Gabon, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Angola, or inland along the many south-to-north flowing rivers of the Congo River system. Man sah in ihnen oft eine Manifestation der Seelen verstorbener Vorfahren. Routledge, London 2003. Some of … The Encyclopedia of Empire. One of the most fascinating stories in the history of agriculture involves the Bantu migrations across the sub-Saharan regions of Africa. Science. Beispielsweise wurde der erstgeborene Sohn der Nachfolger seines Vaters als Oberhaupt der Familie. Ebenfalls tabu war das Fleisch einiger Vögel, wie der Eulen, Krähen und Geier. The linguistic core of the Bantu languages, which comprise a branch of the Niger–Congo family, was located in the adjoining regions of Cameroon and Nigeria. Humans perfected foraging in Africa, but many turned to farming when the right tools, and the right crops, became available. War der letzte Bruder gestorben, ging die Erbfolge auf den ältesten Sohn des ursprünglichen Häuptlings (als ältesten Bruder) über. Dabei waren meist die Frauen für den Ackerbau (außer Rodungsarbeiten) und die Männer für das Vieh und die Jagd verantwortlich. Für manche ist Gott kein ntu, sondern ein diesem vorausliegender Schöpfer, der einer anderen Kategorie angehört. Der Artikel Bantusprachen enthält Informationen über die Struktur und Grammatik der Bantusprachen, ihre Forschungsgeschichte, den Zusammenhang mit den anderen Niger-Kongo-Sprachen, die Frage ihrer Herkunft (Urheimat) und Ausbreitung. Solche Kraftwesen können Geister, Menschen, Ahnen, aber auch Dinge und Umstände wie Besessenheit oder Leidenschaft sein. Although the genetic footprints of this expansion have been unmasked through the analyses of the … Haplotype matching performed for Y-STR haplotypes in several sub-Saharan populations, both inside and outside the migration path, allowed the confirmation of a … Derek Nurse und Gérard Philippson: The Bantu Languages. Die Bantu stammen vermutlich ursprünglich aus dem Kameruner Hochland und dem Südosten Nigerias. Their advanced knowledge of agriculture and working gave the Bantu the advantage … Short answer, No. Volume 17: Issue 1. A characteristic feature of most Niger–Congo languages, including the Bantu languages, is their use of tone. Jahrhunderts kam es zu Wanderungsbewegungen sowohl der Buren als auch der Bantu, die zu kriegerischen Konflikten zwischen beiden Gruppen führten und die Khoisan in die Kalahari drängten: Seit 1816 baute der Zulu-Herrscher Shaka eine straffe militärische Organisation auf und begann, benachbarte Bantuvölker blutig zu unterwerfen, was diese zu Umstrukturierungen und Fluchtbewegungen veranlasste und daher als Auslöser der Mfecane, einer Zeit der Wirren im südlichen Afrika zwischen 1815 und 1840, gilt. Historisch haben sich die Bantu selbst nicht als Bantu bezeichnet und haben auch kein Zusammengehörigkeitsgefühl. The International Journal of African Historical Studies 33(2):437. Eastern Africa, part of sub-Saharan Africa comprising two traditionally recognized regions: East Africa, made up of Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda; and the Horn of Africa, made up of Somalia, Djibouti, Eritrea, and Ethiopia. 201 (4361): 1085–89. In vielen Volksgruppen beriefen sich die Mitglieder auf einen gemeinsamen Vorfahren, meist einen bedeutenden früheren Häuptling. Chr.). On the western front, after arriving in the Congo Basin, Bantu … Dabei handelte es sich meist um Verwandte wie Onkel und Brüder, um einflussreiche Headmen oder um persönliche Freunde. Nilo-Saharan and Cushitic speakers from the Sudan, Kenya, and Tanzania, as well as some of the Bantu speakers from Kenya, Tanzania, and Rwanda (Hutu/Tutsi), constitute another cluster (purple), reflecting linguistic evidence for gene flow among these populations over … In 1966, Roland Oliver published an article presenting these correlations as a reasonable hypothesis.[16]. Over 4,000 years ago, the Bantu speaking people migrated from West Africa in several major waves of migration. In practice it means all of Africa except for the countries in the very north - Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco and Western Sahara. [30][31] By the first century BC, Bantu speaking communities in the great lakes region developed iron forging techniques that enabled them to produce carbon steel. Zum gleichnamigen deutsch-nigerianischen Musiker, Musikproduzenten und Aktivisten siehe. Viele Bantu glaubten, dass sich Tote in Schlangen verwandeln; deshalb wurden auch diese verehrt. Prior to the arrival of Bantus in Southeast Africa, Cushitic-speaking peoples had migrated into the region from the Ethiopian Highlands and other more northerly areas. Es gibt eine traditionelle Philosophie der Bantu. Jia Liu. From the 1st to 19th centuries AD, Bantu migrated in sub-Saharan Africa on three routes: west, East and south, and formed three agricultural economic types. Bantu languages are largely spoken southeast of Cameroon, throughout Central Africa, Southeast Africa and Southern Africa. Der Mann war das Oberhaupt des Haushaltes und konnte in polygamem Verhältnis leben. These include sultanates based at Lamu, Mombasa, Kilwa, Pate and Malindi. Die Bantu im Bereich des heutigen Südafrika benutzten verschiedene Wohntypen. Erstmals 1795, endgültig 1806, kam die Kapkolonie unter britische Herrschaft. Ancient diversity in Sub-Saharan Africa is known to have been re-modulated to a large extent by Bantu migrations in the sub-Sahel region, in two southwards waves of advance through both the west and east coasts. Over 4,000 years ago, the Bantu speaking people migrated from West Africa in several major waves … In South Africa, however, a more complex intermixing could have taken place.[29]. Bleek erkannte, dass eine Vielzahl von Sprachen in Zentral-, Süd-, Ost- und Westafrika Gemeinsamkeiten aufweisen und einer gemeinsamen Sprachfamilie zuzuordnen sind. Bantu and European Y-lineages in Sub-Saharan Africa Ancient diversity in Sub-Saharan Africa is known to have been re-modulated to a large extent by Bantu migrations in the sub-Sahel region, in two southwards waves of advance through both the west and east coasts. [5] Südlich des Äquators wird allgemein der Beginn der Eisenzeit mit dem Eintreffen der Bantu gleichgesetzt. Bantuists believe that the Bantu expansion most probably began on the highlands between Cameroon and Nigeria. Jedes ,Wesen‘ oder jede Weltentität besitzt eine ihr angemessene Kraft, mit der sie auf andere Kraftwesen einwirken kann. It is the plural of the word 'umuntu', meaning 'person', and is based on the stem '--ntu' plus the plural prefix 'aba'. Sub-Saharan Africa: People & Culture In this lesson, explore a large part of the African continent. It also resulted in the movement of Khoi-San communities to remote areas and mountains where they continue to live to this day e.g. An der Mündung des Kongo (etwa 15.–18. However, attempts to trace the exact route of the expansion, to correlate it with archaeological evidence and genetic evidence, have not been conclusive; thus although the expansion is widely accepted as having taken place, many aspects of it remain in doubt or are highly contested. Bunyoro‐Kitara, Kingdom of. Bibcode:1978Sci...201.1085S. Der vorliegende Artikel befasst sich mit den ethnischen, kulturellen und historischen Fragen der Bantuvölker. The Sahel extends across all of Africa at a latitude of about 10° to 15° N. Countries that include parts of the Sahara Desert proper in their northern … As Bantu-speakers migrated throughout Sub-Saharan Africa, they spread the use of A) gold and silver B) slash-and-burn agriculture C) a uniform Lang. begannen sie als Pflanzer von Hackfrüchten, ihr Territorium in die Regenwälder von Zentralafrika auszudehnen. Es gibt schätzungsweise über 200 Millionen Bantu. Gemäß ihrer Ansicht konnte man Land nicht besitzen, sondern nur nutzen. In the Congo rainforest, the intensification of settlements from the first millennium BCE with pottery and large refuse pits, … Some people in Africa show no Bantu traces in their DNA. Allen Bantu-Ethnien gemein war auch eine klare Trennung zwischen den Aufgaben der Frauen und derjenigen der Männer. It has been proposed that this is the remnant of an independent western Batwa (Mbenga or "Baaka") language.[18]. The Bantu found in the sub Saharan regions of Africa as a result of what historians have called the Bantu expansion. Accepted 6.6.02) Ancient diversity in Sub-Saharan Africa is known to have been re-modulated to a large extent by Bantu migrations in the sub-Sahel region, in two southwards waves of advance through both the west and east coasts. Als Jan van Riebeeck um 1652 am Kap der Guten Hoffnung an Land ging und Kapstadt gründete, traf er dort keine Bantu an, da deren Siedlungsgebiet erst 700 km nordöstlich seiner neuen Kolonie begann. The primary evidence for this expansion is linguistic – a great many of the languages which are spoken across Sub-Equatorial Africa are remarkably similar to each other, suggesting the common cultural origin of their original speakers. The Bantu Expansion was a process by which the Bantu Africans separated themselves from the Hamitic Africans … Abantu (or 'Bantu' as it was used by colonists) is the Zulu word for people. a.) Obwohl der Anführer über große Macht verfügte, stand er nicht über dem Gesetz. Das Fischen hatte außer bei den Tsonga und zum Teil bei den Mpondo keinerlei Bedeutung. Er konnte sowohl vom Rat wie auch von seinem Volk kritisiert werden. Ein Fund von 1968 aus der Nähe von Maputo im Süden von Mosambik, sehr ähnlich der Kwale-Kultur (Kenia), führte zu Vermutungen über eine schnelle Ausbreitung entlang der Küste. "Ntusi and Bigo: Farmers, cattle-herders and rulers in western Uganda, AD 1000-1500". Their descendants have largely mixed with other peoples and adopted other languages. It contrasts with North Africa, which is considered a part of the Arab world. Here, we build phylogenetic trees of Bantu languages and map them onto geographical space in order to assess the likely pathway of expansion and test between dispersal scenarios. Mit einer Vielzahl von Zeremonien, Riten und Tabus versuchten die Bantu, sich das Wohlwollen der Geister zu erhalten. Notable early Kingdoms include the Kingdom of the Kongo in present day Angola and the Democratic republic of the Congo, the Bunyoro Kitara Kingdom in the Great lakes region, the Kingdom of Mapungubwe (c.1075–c.1220) in present day South Africa and the Zambezi River where the Monomatapa kings built the famous Great Zimbabwe complex. 35-62. Initially, archaeologists believed that they could find archaeological similarities in the ancient cultures of the region that the Bantu-speakers were held to have traversed. The Bantu Expansion was a process by which the Bantu Africans separated themselves from the Hamitic Africans in the North and North Eastern parts of Africa. ABSTRACT. Before the Bantu expansion, Khoisan-speaking peoples inhabited Southern Africa. Als die ersten Europäer das südliche Afrika erreichten, bewohnten die Bantu ein großes, zusammenhängendes, aber nicht lückenloses Gebiet von Kamerun und Kenia bis nach Südafrika. Originating before the common era in western Africa, the Bantu people began migrating across the continent. There were a few inside clashes among individual Bantu tribes, and there was consistent hostility from those not part of the Bantu … Ausgespart von der Bantubesiedlung vor dem 17. Ancient diversity in Sub-Saharan Africa is known to have been re-modulated to a large extent by Bantu migrations in the sub-Sahel region, in two southwards waves of advance through both the west and east coasts.